This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ursolic acid, hyperinsulinemia and vitamin
B complex in skeletal muscle, which represented by Gastrocnemius muscle after sciatic
nerve crush in diabetes mellitus male rabbits, determine their effects on some
biochemical parameters which include insulin, total serum protein (TSP) and skeletal
muscle protein percentage and detect their effects on histological structures of the skeletal
muscle represented by Gastrocnemius muscle. The results of our study showed that there
is a significant increase of insulin in diabetic rabbits and this increase is continued in all
treatment groups with a higher level range of (3.56-8.4 µu/ ml); the lowest significant
increase is with vitamin B complex treated group. Our study illustrated that Induction of
diabetes has no significant effect on skeletal muscle protein percentage but has a
significant effect on total serum protein, while all treatment groups caused a significant
increase in skeletal muscle protein percentage and total serum protein. Histological
sections of the Gastrocnemius muscle represent some changes happened due to sciatic
nerve crush injury, such as some distraction in skeletal muscle fibers, splitting and
atrophy of others as well as there is an increase in thickness of fibrous tissue separating
them. There is a good regeneration of muscle fibers with little splitting phenomena; also
there is a clear formation of muscle cell nuclei, which indicate an improvement of muscle
after different treatment.