Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
Abstract
The appearance of the udder varies greatly depending on maturity and function
status as well as on individual and breed characteristic sometimes weighing as much as
60 Kg in many dairy cows it is extremely large in particular the size, shape and position
of the teats do have a practical importance in determining the suitability of the udder to
hand or machine milking , five udder of cattle were taken , aged between (2-5) years
from a local slaughterhouse , the skin was removed , we examined and described the
outer anatomy ,these sample were fixed in 10% formalin solution , and processed by the
routine histological technique then studies under light microscope .
The udder consists of four separated glands suspended of medial and lateral
collagens lamina, the medial lamina is more elastic than lateral lamina, the medial lamina
are more collagenous and originate from the sub pelvic tendon. The lateral lamina is
multiple, the teat is long and cylindrical in shape and the wall is thick.
The anatomical study showed that the udder was divided into four identical
quarters with the four main nipples and the additional nipples sometimes associated with
the glandular tissue, the glandular tissue covered by connective tissue that extends inside
and covers the whole gland and is described as the hanging system. It consists from the
medial and the lateral ligaments, The aim of histological study of the udder in cattle to
understand the comparative nomenclature and to know the surgical anatomy of the
bovine teat , the layers of the wall ,the vascular patron , the distribution of smooth muscles , the annular fold , the vascular patron and the venous circle surrounding the
base of the teat to appreciate the protective function of the teat canal as well as the
pattern of intra udder duct system were studies to obtain more details information about
the udder value in production of milk and healthy udder are essential to the secretion of
milk that wholesome to drink and sufficient in quantity to be profitable to dairymen , The
substance of the udder consist of gland parenchyma and connective tissue intermingled in
proportion that can sometimes be estimated by palpation through the skin, annular fold a
constriction between glandular and teat parts of the milk sinus, it consist of muscular
fibers, connective tissue and circular venous channels (Furstenberg’s rosette) fold of teat
canal mucosa that extends into the teat sinus .
Keywords
Article Title [العربیة]
ANATOMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDY IN THE UDDER OF LOCAL IRAQI CATTLE (Bovidae caprinae )
)
